ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Data & Datasets · Training & Scaling1 source · Oct 19, 2026

Global probabilistic forecasting of air pollution

Here we introduce Foehn, a generative model that learns from global kilometre-scale estimates of PM2.5 and computes where the air comes from.

Key points

  • Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) refers to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 micrometre or less.
  • It comes from human activities, such as traffic and industry, and from wildfires, desert dust and gases emitted by vegetation.
  • Operational forecasts run on grids tens of kilometres wide, which hide the pollution breathed by nearly two hundred million people a day.
  • Machine learning has transformed weather forecasting, but data-driven forecasts of air pollution still blur extremes and lose skill as the air travels.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Global probabilistic forecasting of air pollution
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 19, 07:36 AM
    Here we introduce Foehn, a generative model that learns from global kilometre-scale estimates of PM2.5 and computes where the air comes from.
    Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) refers to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 micrometre or less.

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