ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Speech & Audio1 source · Oct 19, 2026

Honeyed Words, Hidden Daggers: Benchmarking and Training LLMs to See Through Mock Politeness

We present ZhenhuanBench, a 1,592-item benchmark built from expert commentary on Empresses in the Palace, covering speaker intent, emotion-language mismatch, and per-listener uptake.

Key points

  • The Chinese idiom "kou mi fu jian" ("honeyed words, hidden daggers") names speech that is polite in form but hostile in function.
  • Text-only evaluation covers 34 LLMs. GPT-6 Astra leads the leaderboard at 73.48% overall, while its listener-reaction score is 58.37%.
  • The annotations also supply supervised traces and string-verifiable training rewards.
  • Without target-task training, CPR outperforms Base, SFT, and GRPO across six Chinese and English pragmatic and sarcasm evaluations.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Honeyed Words, Hidden Daggers: Benchmarking and Training LLMs to See Through Mock Politeness
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 19, 09:19 AM
    We present ZhenhuanBench, a 1,592-item benchmark built from expert commentary on Empresses in the Palace, covering speaker intent, emotion-language mismatch, and per-listener uptake.
    The Chinese idiom "kou mi fu jian" ("honeyed words, hidden daggers") names speech that is polite in form but hostile in function.

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.

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