ResearchResearch paperApplications · Large Language Models · Interpretability1 source · Oct 19, 2026

Machina Pauliana: A neuro-symbolic approach to the actio pauliana in Dutch insolvency law

We present a neuro-symbolic model of Article 42 Fw.

Key points

  • Applying a legal provision frequently requires both structured rule-based reasoning and sensitivity to open-textured terms developed in case law.
  • The actio pauliana of Article 42 of the Dutch Bankruptcy Act (Faillissementswet, Fw), which allows an insolvency practitioner to avoid transactions that prejudice creditors, requires both.
  • A neural routine structures a case's natural-language facts into boolean and date inputs.
  • Neural subroutines resolve the open-textured terms through case-based reasoning over Dutch civil judgments, retrieved through a pipeline that filters on the requirement being resolved and expands along the procedural chain of a case.

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Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.

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