ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Multimodal Models1 source · Oct 20, 2026

VGL-stGen: Learning a shared multimodal model for lung histology and spatial transcriptomics

VGL-stGen is a multimodal large language model adapted from a pretrained medical vision-language model using paired lung H&E and spatial transcriptomics with single-cell references.

Key points

  • Training integrates image-expression and expression-cell-type pairs, and gene-conditioned pseudo-labels transfer transcriptomic cell-type supervision to histology images.
  • One deployed checkpoint supports thirteen evaluated tasks spanning tissue and cell-type classification, gene prediction and conditional expression completion from combinations of histology, cell identity and observed gene expression.
  • Task-specific decoding produces categorical labels, gene lists and structured expression levels.
  • Image-permutation experiments indicate that correctly paired histology adds information beyond observed expression.

Sources (1)

  • [1]VGL-stGen: Learning a shared multimodal model for lung histology and spatial transcriptomics
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 20, 02:22 PM
    VGL-stGen is a multimodal large language model adapted from a pretrained medical vision-language model using paired lung H&E and spatial transcriptomics with single-cell references.
    Training integrates image-expression and expression-cell-type pairs, and gene-conditioned pseudo-labels transfer transcriptomic cell-type supervision to histology images.

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