ResearchResearch paperReasoning & Planning · Agents & Tool Use · Evaluation & Benchmarks2 sources · Oct 8, 2026

Can AI Agents Learn Their Way to the Top? Evaluating Heuristic Learning in a Long-Running Game Agent Competition

Adversarial games have driven advances from heuristic search to reinforcement learning, yet learning and adapting strategies from limited samples remain challenging.

Key points

  • AI agents offer an alternative by turning game experience into revisions of executable policies.
  • Building on heuristic learning (HL), we formalize Adversarial Heuristic Learning (AHL), a paradigm that uses AI agents as learning engines to refine game policies and supporting software while keeping model weights fixed.
  • We introduce AAArena, a benchmark comprising 12 authentic adversarial games and 1,920 archived human programs, with an evaluation protocol modeled on real-world game competitions.
  • Further experiments show that opponent selection and dense feedback support policy improvement, and that agents learn from both on-policy replays of their own matches and off-policy replays of other players' matches.

Sources (2)

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.

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