ResearchResearch paperRobotics & Embodied AI · Safety & Alignment1 source · Oct 20, 2026

CAPSafe: A Benchmark for Contextual Action and Plan Safety Reasoning in Embodied Agents

We introduce the Contextual Action and Plan Safety benchmark (CAPSafe), designed to evaluate safety reasoning at two levels: (1) an action-level dataset that tests whether a single action is safe given its environmental context, and (2) a plan-level dataset that evaluates whether agents can generate safe long-horizon plans for complex hazardous household tasks.

Key points

  • Reasoning about safety is essential for embodied agents powered by large language models (LLMs).
  • CAPSafe models safety conditions where hazards are situational (inferred from object properties), multiple hazards can co-occur within the same environment, and each is annotated with a relative severity level for fine-grained analysis.
  • Evaluating nine closed and open-source LLMs reveals a substantial gap between hazard recognition and safe long-horizon planning.
  • These results highlight that robust safety reasoning over long action sequences remains an open challenge.

Sources (1)

  • [1]CAPSafe: A Benchmark for Contextual Action and Plan Safety Reasoning in Embodied Agents
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 20, 03:33 PM
    We introduce the Contextual Action and Plan Safety benchmark (CAPSafe), designed to evaluate safety reasoning at two levels: (1) an action-level dataset that tests whether a single action is safe given its environmental context, and (2) a plan-level dataset that evaluates whether agents can generate safe long-horizon plans for complex hazardous household tasks.
    Reasoning about safety is essential for embodied agents powered by large language models (LLMs).

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