ResearchResearch paperRobotics & Embodied AI · Multimodal Models · Agents & Tool Use2 sources · Oct 21, 2026

Multimodal Embodied Agents: A Unified Capability-centric Perspective from Computer-Use to Robot-Use

Multimodal agents (MMAs) sustain interaction through reasoning, memory, tools, and feedback, most visibly as computer-use agents, while robotic systems (RSs) couple sensing and actuation under physical dynamics.

Key points

  • We define multimodal embodied agents (MMEAs) as goal-directed systems that couple multimodal task reasoning with physical action and revise decisions from the resulting feedback.
  • This raises a central question: what changes when a multimodal agent moves from computer-use to robot-use?
  • We introduce PAPAV, a unified capability-centric framework of five recurring functions: Perceive the current state, Anticipate action effects, Plan a feasible course, Act through an interface or body, and Verify the outcome.
  • Five physical constraints, from partial observability to unverifiable outcomes, leave fewer choices fixed in advance and less room to reverse errors.

Sources (2)

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