ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Computer Vision · Multimodal Models1 source · Oct 21, 2026

LLMSeg: Training-Free Text-Prompted Image Segmentation with B-Splines

We present LLMSeg, a training-free pipeline that turns a vision-capable LLM into a text-prompted image segmenter.

Key points

  • Promptable segmentation models such as SAM 3 achieve remarkable open-vocabulary performance but require dedicated architectures, large-scale annotation engines, and task-specific training.
  • We ask a different question: can a general-purpose multimodal large language model (MLLM) segment images directly, without an added segmentation head, mask decoder, or training?
  • LLMSeg decomposes segmentation into three LLM-driven stages.
  • We evaluate LLMSeg across ten referring and reasoning segmentation splits (ReasonSeg and RefCOCO/+/g).

Sources (1)

  • [1]LLMSeg: Training-Free Text-Prompted Image Segmentation with B-Splines
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 21, 08:35 AM
    We present LLMSeg, a training-free pipeline that turns a vision-capable LLM into a text-prompted image segmenter.
    Promptable segmentation models such as SAM 3 achieve remarkable open-vocabulary performance but require dedicated architectures, large-scale annotation engines, and task-specific training.

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.

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