ResearchResearch paperReinforcement Learning · Image, Video & 3D Generation1 source · Oct 7, 2026

Neural Sampling with Reweighted Normalizing Flows via the Wasserstein--Fisher--Rao JKO Scheme

We propose a neural algorithm for sampling from distributions specified by unnormalized Boltzmann densities.

Key points

  • Our approach is based on the Jordan--Kinderlehrer--Otto scheme for the Kullback--Leibler divergence in the Wasserstein--Fisher--Rao geometry (WFR JKO scheme).
  • First, we prove that, for any fixed step size, the exact WFR JKO iterates converge exponentially fast to the target as the number of iterations tends to infinity.
  • Second, we develop a neural implementation of the WFR JKO scheme that parametrizes its transport and reaction components using reweighted normalizing flows.
  • Numerical experiments on challenging multimodal targets demonstrate the promising performance of the proposed method.

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