ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models1 source · Oct 9, 2026

Pretraining and Test-Time Training Budgets Matter for ARC: A Controlled Study of VARC and TRM

The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) is increasingly used to evaluate whether neural networks can infer task-specific transformations from few demonstrations.

Key points

  • Recent ARC models differ in architecture, but also in broader training and evaluation protocols, including pretraining data, data augmentation, test-time setup, and optimization budgets, making conclusions about architecture benefits debatable.
  • In this work, we study how the performance of the vision-inspired VARC and recursion-based TRM models is affected by pretraining and test-time training (TTT) budgets under a common inductive protocol on ARC-AGI-1.
  • We cross five pretraining budgets with four TTT budgets for each test task.
  • We observe that increasing TTT sample presentations improves the standard ARC pass@2 metric in all settings for both models.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Pretraining and Test-Time Training Budgets Matter for ARC: A Controlled Study of VARC and TRM
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 9, 02:33 PM
    The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) is increasingly used to evaluate whether neural networks can infer task-specific transformations from few demonstrations.
    Recent ARC models differ in architecture, but also in broader training and evaluation protocols, including pretraining data, data augmentation, test-time setup, and optimization budgets, making conclusions about architecture benefits debatable.

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.

Before this

  1. Oct 8, 2026Tracing the Thoughts of a Coding Agent Playing ARC-AGI-3: Lessons for Continual Learning
  2. Oct 8, 2026Memento 3: Model-Based Recursive Self-Improvement through Reflective Rulebooks
  3. Oct 8, 2026Scaling to Tens of Thousands of Test-Time Iterations with Loop-Native Attention Residuals

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