ResearchResearch paperReinforcement Learning · Robotics & Embodied AI1 source · Oct 12, 2026

Learning Deployable Causal Action Geometry under Temporal Non-Stationarity

Learning a response law for continuous decisions from observational time series is central to many real-world decision systems, yet temporal non-stationarity poses a fundamental challenge: as outcomes drift over time, naively pooled models can conflate action effects with shifting baselines and even reverse action rankings.

Key points

  • Even when the one-step response is identifiable, unrestricted cross-time generalization remains fundamentally ill-posed.
  • We propose deployable causal action geometry: the action-response shape that remains after anchoring away action-independent level shifts on a selected link scale and profiling out positive amplitude variation.
  • Building on this target, we develop a two-stage orthogonal estimator that first obtains cross-fitted pilot estimates of anchored responses and then performs honest profiled selection over link, representation, and shape classes.
  • Experiments on synthetic data and Dominick's support the proposed target and its transfer behavior.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Learning Deployable Causal Action Geometry under Temporal Non-Stationarity
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 12, 12:06 PM
    Learning a response law for continuous decisions from observational time series is central to many real-world decision systems, yet temporal non-stationarity poses a fundamental challenge: as outcomes drift over time, naively pooled models can conflate action effects with shifting baselines and even reverse action rankings.
    Even when the one-step response is identifiable, unrestricted cross-time generalization remains fundamentally ill-posed.

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