ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Training & Scaling1 source · Oct 13, 2026

RT-J: Large-Scale Pretraining of Relational Transformers for Context-Efficient Predictions

Here we introduce RT-J, an 85M-parameter relational foundation model (RFM) that makes accurate predictions even with hundreds of in-context examples or fewer.

Key points

  • Foundation models for tables and relational databases are increasingly used for predictive tasks across various scientific and industrial domains.
  • We pretrain with long contexts of up to 8,192 database cells, using in-context examples from a novel lightweight random-walk retriever.
  • On in-context regression tasks from RelBench, RT-J requires 10x fewer examples on average to match strong feature engineering pipelines with LLM-agent or RDBLearn featurizers and TabICLv2 or LightGBM predictors.
  • Overall, our work pushes the frontier for context-efficient predictions on relational data and highlights the importance of real-world semantics, context engineering and large-scale pretraining for RFMs.

Sources (1)

  • [1]RT-J: Large-Scale Pretraining of Relational Transformers for Context-Efficient Predictions
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 13, 07:27 AM
    Here we introduce RT-J, an 85M-parameter relational foundation model (RFM) that makes accurate predictions even with hundreds of in-context examples or fewer.
    Foundation models for tables and relational databases are increasingly used for predictive tasks across various scientific and industrial domains.

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