ResearchResearch paperRetrieval, RAG & Search · Large Language Models1 source · Oct 10, 2026

Self-improving data synthesis can scale embedding models across domains and tasks

Here we introduce SYNTRA, a novel retrieval data synthesis method whose self-improvement loop iteratively refines reusable synthesis instructions using feedback on trial outputs.

Key points

  • Adapting embedding models to new tasks requires training data that reflect task-specific information needs and relevance criteria.
  • Experiments across 24 retrieval datasets spanning 15 domains demonstrate the effectiveness of the synthesized data.
  • Self-improvement enhances retrieval on all six evaluated tasks, outperforming human calibration on four.
  • Overall, with minimal human intervention, SYNTRA enables scalable adaptation of embedding models across domains and tasks.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Self-improving data synthesis can scale embedding models across domains and tasks
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 10, 08:50 AM
    Here we introduce SYNTRA, a novel retrieval data synthesis method whose self-improvement loop iteratively refines reusable synthesis instructions using feedback on trial outputs.
    Adapting embedding models to new tasks requires training data that reflect task-specific information needs and relevance criteria.

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