ResearchResearch paperComputer Vision1 source · Oct 11, 2026

BaT-SAM: Introducing Inductive Bias into SAM via a Mixture of Convolutional Experts for Brain Tumor Segmentation

We present BaT-SAM, a parameter-efficient adaptation framework that enables fully automatic brain tumor segmentation with the Segment Anything Model (SAM).

Key points

  • Accurate brain tumor segmentation from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for diagnosis and treatment planning; however, manual delineation is labor-intensive and time-consuming.
  • BaT-SAM injects local inductive bias into SAM's frozen Vision Transformer (ViT) encoder via Conv-LoRA, where image features are processed by a sparsely gated mixture of multi-scale convolutional experts.
  • To remove the need for user prompts, we further introduce a lightweight self-prompting box regressor that is jointly optimized with the adapter using scheduled sampling and predicts tumor locations directly from image embeddings.
  • It further demonstrates strong cross-dataset generalization, achieving Dice scores of 0.702 on Figshare and 0.784 on the LGG MRI Segmentation dataset.

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