ResearchResearch paperSafety & Alignment · Reinforcement Learning · Robotics & Embodied AI1 source · Oct 12, 2026

ReAP: From Visual Failure Recognition to Action-Conditioned Risk Prediction for Runtime Failure Monitoring

To anticipate such risks before action execution, we introduce ReAP, a future-aware runtime monitoring framework that combines visual failure recognition with action-conditioned failure prediction.

Key points

  • Despite rapid progress, generalist robot policies remain brittle during execution.
  • An action-conditioned predictor then forecasts the resulting future representation in this space to estimate future failure risk.
  • At runtime, the detector and predictor provide complementary signals for current-state failure recognition and future-aware risk assessment.
  • Experiments across diverse robot policies in simulation and the real world demonstrate that ReAP effectively balances failure-detection accuracy and warning timeliness.

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