ResearchResearch paperReinforcement Learning · Reasoning & Planning · Agents & Tool Use1 source · Oct 12, 2026

Efficient Multi-Agent Reasoning via Confidence-Guided Adaptive Debate

Based on this insight, we propose LASE: Leader-Adaptive Structured Engagement, a leader-centric multi-agent debate framework that selectively engages interaction only in non-neutral regimes.

Key points

  • Multi-agent debate has shown promise for improving the reasoning of large language models, yet recent theory suggests its benefits are highly regime-dependent.
  • While interaction can amplify informative signals under corrective conditions, symmetric debate dynamics are neutral in expectation, often making majority voting preferable.
  • LASE introduces an asymmetric leader-supporter architecture that enables directed information flow and selective signal amplification, while defaulting to simple aggregation otherwise.
  • Experiments across diverse reasoning benchmarks show that LASE achieves multi-agent-level performance with near single-agent token cost, substantially improving efficiency over static debate and voting baselines.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Efficient Multi-Agent Reasoning via Confidence-Guided Adaptive Debate
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 12, 08:02 AM
    Based on this insight, we propose LASE: Leader-Adaptive Structured Engagement, a leader-centric multi-agent debate framework that selectively engages interaction only in non-neutral regimes.
    Multi-agent debate has shown promise for improving the reasoning of large language models, yet recent theory suggests its benefits are highly regime-dependent.

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