ResearchResearch paperTraining & Scaling1 source · Oct 13, 2026

Data Density Scaling Laws for Image Self-Distillation

To address this gap, we propose a modified version of a Chinchilla-style scaling law that explicitly accounts for two factors: the number of unique samples and repetition per sample.

Key points

  • Current scaling law formulations suggest that increasing the number of unique samples in a dataset improves model performance, while repeated exposure to the same samples provides diminishing value.
  • In this work, we examine this assumption for image self-distillation models.
  • Through systematic experiments across diverse datasets, namely Maxar, SATLAS, Waymo, nuPlan, Ego4D, ImageNet, and YFCC15M, we demonstrate that the effects of sample repetition on downstream performance are non-trivial and dataset-dependent.
  • We identify settings where repeatedly training on a smaller random subset can outperform training on a larger set of unique samples.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Data Density Scaling Laws for Image Self-Distillation
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 13, 06:08 PM
    To address this gap, we propose a modified version of a Chinchilla-style scaling law that explicitly accounts for two factors: the number of unique samples and repetition per sample.
    Current scaling law formulations suggest that increasing the number of unique samples in a dataset improves model performance, while repeated exposure to the same samples provides diminishing value.

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