ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models1 source · Oct 14, 2026

OpenTWBench (Open Taiwan Benchmark): Taiwan-Domain Knowledge Evaluation for Large Language Models, and How the Measurement Apparatus Shapes the Score

We present OpenTWBench, an open evaluation suite for Taiwan-domain knowledge in large language models, built around two benchmarks. tw-exam-bench contains 255,854 four-option questions across 148 academic subjects, from fifteen years of Taiwan's national examinations published as open data by the Ministry of Examination; answer keys agree across 31,312 duplicated question groups at 99.91%, with all 27 disagreements accounted for.

Key points

  • Within six weeks the frontier had cleared that band: of 108 models now on the public board, 22 score above its ceiling, the best 91.6%.
  • We also document how much of a score comes from the apparatus rather than the model.

Sources (1)

  • [1]OpenTWBench (Open Taiwan Benchmark): Taiwan-Domain Knowledge Evaluation for Large Language Models, and How the Measurement Apparatus Shapes the Score
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 14, 09:18 AM
    We present OpenTWBench, an open evaluation suite for Taiwan-domain knowledge in large language models, built around two benchmarks. tw-exam-bench contains 255,854 four-option questions across 148 academic subjects, from fifteen years of Taiwan's national examinations published as open data by the Ministry of Examination; answer keys agree across 31,312 duplicated question groups at 99.91%, with al
    Within six weeks the frontier had cleared that band: of 108 models now on the public board, 22 score above its ceiling, the best 91.6%.

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