ResearchResearch paperEfficiency & Inference1 source · Oct 14, 2026

FOLD: Position-Free Far Memory with Local Order for Long-Context Speculative Decoding

Speculative decoding accelerates LLM generation through lightweight drafting and parallel verification.

Key points

  • Existing training-free approaches restrict the context window, rescale positions, or augment recent context with retrieved distant entries.
  • Drafters, however, read target hidden states that already encode contextual and positional information, and their lightweight architecture makes full-history attention affordable.
  • We propose FOLD, a training-free method that preserves exact local positions and treats all distant entries as far memory at a shared position.
  • Across six target-drafter pairs and diverse benchmarks of up to 256K tokens, FOLD predominantly delivers the highest speedup, with the best case more than doubling the speedup over autoregressive decoding, from 2.08$\times$ to 4.22$\times$.

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