ResearchResearch paperReinforcement Learning · Agents & Tool Use · Training & Scaling1 source · Oct 14, 2026

SkillNEO: Non-Elitist Evolutionary Optimization of Agent Skills

Agent skills turn procedural knowledge into reusable artifacts, allowing LLM agents to accumulate and refine expertise through experience.

Key points

  • Building on this, skill evolution iteratively improves skills using execution feedback.
  • We introduce SkillNEO (Non-Elitist Evolutionary Optimization for Agent Skills), which separately selects a version to use and versions to keep improving.
  • Across 86 SkillsBench tasks in eight domains, including software engineering and office work, SkillNEO raises GPT-5.4 Mini's average reward from 49.1% to 66.4%, within GPT-5.5 and GPT-5.6 Luna's original-skill range.
  • Together, these findings show that skill evolution can turn a weaker model's partial progress into reusable procedural knowledge for improving more capable agents.

Sources (1)

  • [1]SkillNEO: Non-Elitist Evolutionary Optimization of Agent Skills
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 14, 08:57 PM
    Agent skills turn procedural knowledge into reusable artifacts, allowing LLM agents to accumulate and refine expertise through experience.
    Building on this, skill evolution iteratively improves skills using execution feedback.

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