ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Retrieval, RAG & Search1 source · Oct 15, 2026

Librarian Agents: Training LLMs to Curate Long-Context Workspaces that Anticipate Future Queries

To instantiate this capability, we introduce Librarian Agents, a framework in which a builder agent transforms raw documents into a hierarchical filesystem of synthetic files and reference links, which forms a workspace tailored for a downstream answering agent.

Key points

  • Reasoning over long document contexts remains a challenge for large language models (LLMs).
  • Standard retrieval methods are inherently reactive, bottlenecking agents with complex, cross-document reasoning at inference time, while precomputed structures like knowledge graphs often fall short because they rely on rigid heuristics.
  • Instead, can we allow agents to perform anticipatory directed curation: learning to proactively reorganize unstructured corpora prior to inference to efficiently serve diverse future queries.
  • We formulate workspace construction as a Markov decision process and optimize the builder policy via reinforcement learning to directly maximize downstream answering accuracy.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Librarian Agents: Training LLMs to Curate Long-Context Workspaces that Anticipate Future Queries
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 15, 05:35 PM
    To instantiate this capability, we introduce Librarian Agents, a framework in which a builder agent transforms raw documents into a hierarchical filesystem of synthetic files and reference links, which forms a workspace tailored for a downstream answering agent.
    Reasoning over long document contexts remains a challenge for large language models (LLMs).

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.

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