ResearchResearch paperMultimodal Models · Large Language Models1 source · Oct 8, 2026

From Suppression to Repair: Mitigating Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Models via Localized Distribution Alignment

Object hallucination remains a major obstacle for large vision-language models (LVLMs) to generate reliable content.

Key points

  • An intuitive mitigation strategy is to suppress hallucination-related components in hidden representations.
  • In this paper, we propose ResOT, a training-free method that repairs representations at inference time through localized distribution alignment.
  • Within this subspace, ResOT uses Gaussian optimal transport (OT) to align the hallucinated distribution with the faithful one.
  • Experiments on three representative LVLMs show that ResOT substantially reduces object hallucination while improving image caption quality and multimodal performance across multiple benchmarks.

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