ResearchResearch paperMultimodal Models · Large Language Models1 source · Oct 16, 2026

Joint, Decoupled, or Agent: When Each Multimodal Alignment Paradigm Wins

Jointly pretrained multimodal encoders are a common way to combine modalities, while alternatives integrate their information during downstream training or inference.

Key points

  • We compare three paradigms, instantiated with public checkpoints, across 16 paired datasets in five domains and multiple training-label budgets.
  • DECOUPLED trains a fusion head on frozen, independently pretrained encoders.
  • ScienceQA, MELD, and MetMeme shift from AGENT to fusion as supervision increases.
  • We test whether representation and task diagnostics predict these preferences on held-out datasets before fitting their candidate systems.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Joint, Decoupled, or Agent: When Each Multimodal Alignment Paradigm Wins
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 16, 06:35 PM
    Jointly pretrained multimodal encoders are a common way to combine modalities, while alternatives integrate their information during downstream training or inference.
    We compare three paradigms, instantiated with public checkpoints, across 16 paired datasets in five domains and multiple training-label budgets.

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