ResearchResearch paperTraining & Scaling · Efficiency & Inference1 source · Oct 17, 2026

Tilted Mondrian: Triage and Mitigation of Fine-grained Disparities in Conformal Prediction

Fairness in conformal prediction is often pursued through Mondrian calibration, which provides finite-sample coverage guarantees separately across groups.

Key points

  • This coarse-to-fine fairness issue raises two questions: how severe can such disparities be, and how can they be mitigated?
  • For severity assessment, we introduce propensity standardization to examine the effect of population composition, and show how group composition can induce disagreement between aggregate and finer-stratum comparisons.
  • For mitigation, we develop Tilted Mondrian to improve fairness compared to group-Mondrian at a finer level without additional model training.
  • Tilted Mondrian retains groupwise coverage guarantees and mitigates coverage and prediction set size disparities within finer strata.

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