ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Training & Scaling1 source · Oct 19, 2026

Global Time-Aware Conditioning (GTC): A Mechanism for Time-Aware Pediatric Sleep Representation Learning

We introduce Global Time-Aware Conditioning (GTC), a mechanism that complements local positional encodings by conditioning latent representations on the global time-of-sleep of each input window.

Key points

  • Sleep physiology evolves throughout the night, with changes in sleep cycles, respiratory stability, and cardiovascular dynamics.
  • However, self-supervised learning (SSL) methods for sleep typically process short, fixed-duration windows without explicitly modeling where each window occurs within the full sleep session.
  • We integrate GTC into three representative SSL frameworks and evaluate them on five clinically relevant tasks with extreme class imbalance across two independent pediatric cohorts.
  • GTC generally improves F1 and AUPRC across architectures and tasks, with gains persisting under cross-cohort transfer, highlighting the value of global temporal context for sleep representation learning.

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