ResearchResearch paperReinforcement Learning · Robotics & Embodied AI1 source · Oct 20, 2026

GRADUS: Discovering and Recovering Agent Lessons from the Environment's Latent Syllabus

We introduce Gradus (Graded Rungs of Ascending Difficulty from an Underlying System), which decouples what a task should teach from the concrete task and solution used to teach it.

Key points

  • Training LLM agents for policy-constrained tool environments, such as an airline backend with booking, refund, and cancellation policies, requires tasks that exercise the environment's rules individually and in combination.
  • Existing synthesis pipelines let a model propose tasks and retain only those it immediately solves, biasing training data toward easier behaviors.
  • Without seed tasks, Gradus treats a fixed environment as a latent syllabus, extracting guarded behavioral operators that capture how actions depend on current conditions and how their effects reshape subsequent decisions.
  • Crucially, Gradus jointly calibrates tasks and solutions against the environment: execution feedback identifies which side to refine while preserving the intended behavioral requirements.

Sources (1)

  • [1]GRADUS: Discovering and Recovering Agent Lessons from the Environment's Latent Syllabus
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 20, 07:47 AM
    We introduce Gradus (Graded Rungs of Ascending Difficulty from an Underlying System), which decouples what a task should teach from the concrete task and solution used to teach it.
    Training LLM agents for policy-constrained tool environments, such as an airline backend with booking, refund, and cancellation policies, requires tasks that exercise the environment's rules individually and in combination.

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.

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