ResearchResearch paperEfficiency & Inference · Reasoning & Planning · Large Language Models1 source · Oct 21, 2026

ORSMT: Unleashing the Potential of Satisfiability Modulo Theories for Semantic Verification and Repair in LLM-Based Optimization

Large language models increasingly automate optimization modeling from natural language problems, producing written mathematics, solver code and a returned report.

Key points

  • Verifying one optimization problem across these artifacts requires semantic comparison: unequal models can attain the same objective, equivalent models can use different auxiliary variables, and mutually consistent artifacts can omit the same source requirement.
  • ORSMT provides a typed semantic interface and exact SMT relation queries.
  • It aligns observable decisions, projects auxiliary variables, proves or refutes feasible region and objective relations, localizes refutations to implicated rows or domains and links source texts when available.
  • Across 3,034 problems and six generator sizes, ORSMT improves the model-code match rate in all 72 benchmark and generator combinations before selection.

Sources (1)

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