ResearchResearch paperRetrieval, RAG & Search1 source · Oct 13, 2026

Web Scale on a Budget: Tail-Aware Retrieval Evaluation

We show the web-scale indexing price is largely avoidable: evaluation itself obeys a scaling law.

Key points

  • A common practice in instance retrieval is to grow the gallery size to improve a benchmark's discrimination capability.
  • We define the per-query retrieval hardness, a gallery-scale agnostic quantity that yields a retrieval metric at any scale, and demonstrate it can be derived from a small random sample.
  • The underlying sampled-rank machinery is long established in recommender-system and biometric evaluation, but to our knowledge has never been adapted to visual retrieval.
  • We release code and the per-query hardness to facilitate faster, cheaper, and greener retrieval evaluation.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Web Scale on a Budget: Tail-Aware Retrieval Evaluation
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 13, 08:54 AM
    We show the web-scale indexing price is largely avoidable: evaluation itself obeys a scaling law.
    A common practice in instance retrieval is to grow the gallery size to improve a benchmark's discrimination capability.

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.

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