ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Computer Vision · Interpretability1 source · Oct 11, 2026

ML-CLAPPS: A Probabilistic Framework for Imbalanced Multilabel Learning under Class Prioritization

We introduce the Multilabel Class-Prioritized Probabilistic Sampler (ML-CLAPPS), a learnable sampler that optimizes a distribution over training instances to control the model's exposure to different classes.

Key points

  • Real-world datasets often exhibit severe class imbalance, degrading the performance of deep learning models, particularly on rare classes.
  • This approach addresses multilabel imbalance while enabling prioritization of significant conditions via a user-defined importance vector (IV).
  • Empirical evaluation on a real-world multilabel ECG image dataset demonstrates that ML-CLAPPS achieves state-of-the-art performance.
  • We show that it aligns class exposure with the specified IV, and that increasing a class's importance leads to corresponding improvements in its classification performance, enabling explicit prioritization of clinically critical conditions.

Sources (1)

  • [1]ML-CLAPPS: A Probabilistic Framework for Imbalanced Multilabel Learning under Class Prioritization
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 11, 06:15 PM
    We introduce the Multilabel Class-Prioritized Probabilistic Sampler (ML-CLAPPS), a learnable sampler that optimizes a distribution over training instances to control the model's exposure to different classes.
    Real-world datasets often exhibit severe class imbalance, degrading the performance of deep learning models, particularly on rare classes.

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