ResearchResearch paperInterpretability · Large Language Models1 source · Oct 11, 2026

Mixed Feelings, Single Polarity

Emotion datasets are routinely mapped onto positive and negative valence, by assigning each emotion category one polarity.

Key points

  • We test where this works and where it fails, using SemEval-2018 Affect in Tweets (English, Arabic, Spanish), Affective Text aligned with EmoBank, raw GoEmotions annotations, naturalistic hashtag corpora, and a controlled annotation study.
  • Fixed projection works well when a text carries labels of one valence.
  • It fails on a subset identifiable from the labels alone: tweets whose emotion labels point in opposite directions.
  • Annotators produce such configurations routinely: 16.3% of multilabel GoEmotions judgments combine emotions from the dataset's own positive and negative parents.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Mixed Feelings, Single Polarity
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 11, 11:25 PM
    Emotion datasets are routinely mapped onto positive and negative valence, by assigning each emotion category one polarity.
    We test where this works and where it fails, using SemEval-2018 Affect in Tweets (English, Arabic, Spanish), Affective Text aligned with EmoBank, raw GoEmotions annotations, naturalistic hashtag corpora, and a controlled annotation study.

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