ResearchResearch paperReinforcement Learning1 source · Oct 17, 2026

Sample-Efficient Reinforcement Learning with General Utilities via Neural Dual Critics

Reinforcement learning with general utilities optimizes nonlinear functionals of policy-induced occupancy measures.

Key points

  • We develop a natural actor-critic method for concave RLGU objectives admitting an exact variational dual representation, with explicit constructions for a broad class of separable occupancy utilities.
  • Rather than estimating the occupancy measure and then forming the policy-gradient pseudo-reward, our method learns this pseudo-reward directly as a function of the state-action pair using a neural critic.
  • Our analysis separates conditional actor bias from estimator second moments and accounts explicitly for dual optimization, critic approximation, and neural linearization errors.
  • Under policy-transfer, dual-stability, and local critic-regularity conditions, the method achieves $\widetilde{O}(T^{-1/2})$ global convergence above policy, critic-class, and finite-width approximation errors using $\widetilde{O}(T)$ expected environment transitions and reference samples.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Sample-Efficient Reinforcement Learning with General Utilities via Neural Dual Critics
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 17, 09:35 PM
    Reinforcement learning with general utilities optimizes nonlinear functionals of policy-induced occupancy measures.
    We develop a natural actor-critic method for concave RLGU objectives admitting an exact variational dual representation, with explicit constructions for a broad class of separable occupancy utilities.

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