ResearchResearch paperEfficiency & Inference1 source · Oct 19, 2026

LEAF: LUT-aware Efficient Attention on FPGAs

We introduce Lookup-table (LUT)-aware Efficient Attention on FPGAs (LEAF).

Key points

  • LEAF is the first nanosecond-scale LUT-aware transformer for FPGAs.
  • LEAF converts the query, key, and value projections and the final output feed-forward layer into FPGA-native layers with LUT-aware training, creating the first LUT-aware transformer and linformer layers built for ultra-low-latency inference.
  • Attention resists LUT-aware training because it multiplies two activations where the method needs a constant weight to tabulate; LEAF tabulates the attention block's constant matrix-vector multiplications and leaves the rest in arithmetic form.
  • Our most efficient LEAF-based linformer with 64 input particles reaches 80.4% classification accuracy at 28k LUTs and 35ns.

Sources (1)

  • [1]LEAF: LUT-aware Efficient Attention on FPGAs
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 19, 06:00 PM
    We introduce Lookup-table (LUT)-aware Efficient Attention on FPGAs (LEAF).
    LEAF is the first nanosecond-scale LUT-aware transformer for FPGAs.

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.

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