ResearchResearch paperRobotics & Embodied AI · Reinforcement Learning1 source · Oct 20, 2026

SPAR: Search-trained Push Action Ranker for Efficient Navigation Among Movable Obstacles

We introduce the Search-trained Push Action Ranker (SPAR), which learns to prioritize push primitives from simulated search outcomes.

Key points

  • Navigation Among Movable Obstacles (NAMO) requires a robot to rearrange objects that block access to its goal.
  • For a pushing robot, progress may depend on a setup push that enables a later opening without itself clearing a passage.
  • Across successful runs on $300$ simulated two-push keyhole problems, SPAR Search reduces median simulator calls by $7.0\times$, leading to a $3.8\times$ reduction in planning time relative to Random Search.
  • In real-robot experiments, SPAR Policy succeeds in $37/40$ trials without a physics-based digital twin, compared with $33/40$ for SPAR Search and $27/40$ for Random Search.

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