ResearchResearch paperAgents & Tool Use · Efficiency & Inference2 sources · Oct 15, 2026

LEASH: Uncertainty-Aware Weak-to-Strong Escalation and Oversight for Computer-Use Agents

To this end, we propose LEASH, a training-free framework that unleashes the strong agent only when the weak agent's latent uncertainty signals it is needed, and keeps it on a leash afterward.

Key points

  • Computer-use agents increasingly tackle long-horizon tasks, where running a frontier model at every step is expensive and a small open-weight model alone often fails.
  • Weak-to-strong escalation offers a middle ground where a weak agent acts by default and hands control to a strong one only when needed.
  • LEASH has three layers: (1) initial task uncertainty for early routing, (2) step-level uncertainty for runtime escalation, and, after handoff, (3) a shadow observer for continued oversight of the strong black-box agent.
  • Experiments on OSWorld across four contemporary model backbones show that LEASH consistently improves over standalone weak agents and outperforms random escalation by 6.55--11.94 points at matched escalation rates.

Sources (2)

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.

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