ResearchResearch paperReasoning & Planning · Agents & Tool Use · Large Language Models2 sources · Oct 15, 2026

Predicting Privileged Information Effectiveness for On-Policy Self-Distillation

On-policy self-distillation (OPSD) enables large language models (LLMs) to learn from privileged information (PI) without a separate teacher model.

Key points

  • We systematically evaluate 16 PI configurations across three multi-turn agentic benchmarks and three student models that vary in scale and reasoning mode.
  • We find that PI effectiveness depends on its content, generation source, and the student model.
  • To assess PI before training, we compare PI utility with two KL-based metrics: sampled-token reverse KL ($D$) and error-step KL contrast ($Δd^{-}{err}$).
  • Empirically, selecting each task's PI by $Δd^{-}{err}$ also improves post-training performance over random selection, most when the PI candidates differ widely.

Sources (2)

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