ResearchResearch paperTraining & Scaling · Reinforcement Learning1 source · Oct 20, 2026

Variance Reduction with Delayed Feedback for Non-Convex Optimization

We study variance reduction for non-convex optimization when gradient evaluations return with a delay.

Key points

  • We first analyze an ordered recursive momentum estimator for stochastic optimization.
  • Under average smoothness and bounded variance, its oracle complexity is $O(1+σ^2ε^{-2}+LΔf(1+σ/ε+τ)ε^{-2})$, where the target is an expected squared gradient norm of at most $ε^2$ and $τ$ bounds the feedback delay.
  • An asynchronous snapshot variant continues updating during full-gradient computations under an explicit bound on their completion time.
  • For the stochastic method, we further replace a maximum-delay bound by a bound on the weighted amount of missing feedback.

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