ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Safety & Alignment · Interpretability1 source · Oct 21, 2026

HiddenLens: A Multi-Layer LLM Framework for Detecting and Resolving Hidden Assumptions in Software Requirements

We propose HiddenLens, a novel six-layer BERT-LLM pipeline and, to our knowledge, the first framework engineered to detect, classify, question, and resolve hidden assumptions rather than merely flag ambiguity.

Key points

  • Natural-language software requirements often omit assumptions about performance, operating conditions, user behaviour, and domain constraints, affecting architecture, testing, and deployment.
  • We also introduce the HiddenLens Corpus (HLC), comprising 312 requirements annotated with 847 hidden assumptions across six NFR categories.
  • HiddenLens outperforms keyword-based and QuARS-Adapted baselines by 71% and 61%, respectively, achieving an end-to-end F1-score of 0.79; its BERT-based NFR classifier achieves an F1-score of 0.847.
  • These results indicate that HiddenLens can help analysts resolve hidden assumptions before they propagate through software development.

Sources (1)

  • [1]HiddenLens: A Multi-Layer LLM Framework for Detecting and Resolving Hidden Assumptions in Software Requirements
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 21, 04:35 PM
    We propose HiddenLens, a novel six-layer BERT-LLM pipeline and, to our knowledge, the first framework engineered to detect, classify, question, and resolve hidden assumptions rather than merely flag ambiguity.
    Natural-language software requirements often omit assumptions about performance, operating conditions, user behaviour, and domain constraints, affecting architecture, testing, and deployment.

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